Explain structural formula of alkanes alkenes and alkynes

Alkanes are identified because the carbon chain has only single bonds. ... Alkenes have at least one double bond and alkynes have at least one triple bond. The most common alkyne is ethyne, better known as acetylene. The generic formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2, where n is the number identified by the prefix.

Alkanes CnH2n+2

Alkenes CnH2n

Alkynes CnH2n+1

General molecular formula of alkane

CnH2n+2

General molecular formula of alkene

CnH2n

General molecular formula of alkyne

CnH2n-2

Structural formulas are not available without specifying the particular compound.

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alkane have single bond

Alkanes, alkenes and alkynes are simple hydrocarbon chains with no functional groups. Alkanes are identified because the carbon chain has only single bonds. Common alkanes include methane (natural gas), propane (heating and cooking fuel), butane (lighter fluid) and octane (automobile fuel). Alkenes have at least one double bond and alkynes have at least one triple bond. The most common alkyne is ethyne, better known as acetylene. The generic formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2, where n is the number identified by the prefix. Alkenes have the formula CnH2n and alkynes use the formula CnH2n-2.

Writing the formulas for simple alkanes, alkenes and alkynes is as simple as determining how many carbons are in the formula and then putting that number into the generic formula for that hydrocarbon. Since alkanes do not have any real parts to identify, unlike all other organic molecules, there is no need to number the carbons.

propane octane 2-pentene 4-decyne

prop = 3 oct = 8 pent = 5 dec = 10

C3H2(3)+2 C8H2(8)+2 C5H2(5) C10H2(10)-2

C3H8 C8H18 C5H10 C10H18

Naming the alkanes, alkenes and alkynes is the opposite of the formula writing process. To determine which type of molecule you are working with you should compare the carbons to the hydrogens.

CH4 C6H10 C2H6 C7H14

C:H = 1:2(1)+2 C:H = 6:2(6)-2 C:H = 2:2(2)+2 C:H = 7:2(7)

alkane alkyne alkane alkene

1C = meth 6C = hex 2C = eth 7C = hept

methane hexyne ethane heptene

To determine the position of the double or triple bond would require seeing a Lewis Dot Diagram.

CnH2n+2 is the general formula for alkanes

Explanation:

Condensed Structural Formula means the Formula of the Compound in which every element present in it will be shown and all the notations of the bond mentioned clearly.

The structural or you can say condensed formula of the Given Compound is shown in the attachment.

The Compound Contains 25 Carbons atoms and 52 Hydrogen atoms. By knowing its atoms, I can conclude that the compound is a Alkane.

The IUPAC Name of this compound is,

      ║  Pentacosane. ║

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